Crusher for mineral ores



July 29, 1924. 1,503,157

A. HALLIDAY CRUSHER FOR MINERAL CRES Filed May 31 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1WEA/TOR. ALEXANDER HALL/DAY,

July 29 1924. ,5`03.15'7` A. HALLIDAY GRUSHER FOR MINERAL oREs Filed May31, 1922 42 Sheets-mwa'` 2 in van To R ALEXANDER HALLIDAY TTORN EYSPatented duly 29, 1924.

Param orales.

ALEXNDER HALLIDAY, 0F PRINCE RUPERT, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.

CRUSHER FOR MINERAL GRES.

i Application mea my s1, 1922. serial nq. seam..

Toall whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER HALLIDAY, of the town of VPrince Rupert,in the Provin ce of `British Columbia, Canada, lhave invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Crushers for Mineral Ores, of which thefollowing is the specification.

My invention relates to improvements in mineral separators and theobject of the invention is to devise a complete unit which is simple inconstruction whereby all the cated at each end of the cylinder.

operations necessary in carrying out the process of separating preciousmetals from ores may be performed, `such as the crushing, treating andassing through `quicksilver and oil and W ich will perform theseoperations with a minimum amount of power and it consists essentially'of the arrangement and constructions of parts as hereinafter moreparticularly explained.

Fig. 1 is an end view of my crusher. J

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken intermediate the longitudinallength of the crusher. Y Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through thepulp cylinder showing the crushing roller in full.

Fig. 4 is a plan section on line 4 4, Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through one of the flotation cylinders.t

Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing one of the.- pulp cylinder doors.

Fig. 7 is a view of the pulp cylinder doors in elevation looking fromthe inside of the cylinder.

' Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the flotation cylinder having the wallbroken away to exhibit the interior construction.

-In the drawings like characters of. reference indicate correspondingparts in each figure.

. 1 indicates a pulp or crushing cylinder which is open at each end andis provided with a pair of internal annular flanges 2 lo- The flanges 2are spaced apart to form an annular channel for a purpose which willhere- A inafter appear. 3 is a crushing 'roller mounted upon a shaft 4which is journalled in a springbearing 5 carried on a suitablesupporting structure.

e sprlng bearin 5 is provided in order that the crushing ro ler willexerta yieldable pressure to Ypermit of the rising or fall- 'ing of theroller according to the size of the material to be passed beneath thesame. 6

is one of the air of'doors riding freely in the channel ormedf-bythe'-spaced apart langes`2.- The doors are maintained 1n a statlonaryposition in the channel as the cylinder revolves; The doors 6 are shown4 in detail in Figs. 6 and 7. In these ligures 7 is the-outer coveringplate having a screen 8 covering the aperture 8x extendinghorizontallyacross the plate 7 as clearly indicated-by fulllines in Fig. 1 and -bydotted lines in Fig. 7. 9 is alip which is attached to the plate 7 'sovas to extend along-the lower edge of the opening 8 andisv provided fordischarging the fines from the pulp cylinder l.

10 is an inside covering plate forming .part of the door 6 and which isconnecte to the outer coveringpl'ate 7 by an annular rim 11. 12x is anaperture formed in the plate 10at one side of the shaft-74.; 12 is ascreen for the aperture 12x. 13 vis a small opening adjacent vto theopposite sideof the plate 10 to the opening 12x-for the purpose ofreturning the oversized tore which has passed the screen 12 but is toolarge to pass through the screen 8. 14 is a slotted aperture formed inthe centre of the cover plates 7 and 10 to permit of the yieldingmoveinent of the crushing cylinder and the shaft 4 in the springbearing' 5. 15 is a plpe which. passes-through the door 6 and formsmeans for discharging the quicksilver from the cylinder 1.

161Jis a' launder '(see FigLB) bywhich the ore is conducted to thecentre of the cylinder 1 to be discharged under the crushing roller 3;17 is a double jet connected to one of the hydraulic service pipes tocirculate the pulp which passes under the crushing roller 3 by waterpressure towards the outer ends of the cylinder 1. 18 is a plural1ty ofets discharging' a'stream of'water to circu ate the pulp' transverselyacross the-'ends of the cylinder towards the crushing side of therollen'.v U l 19 isa lurality of jets for circulating the pulp in rontofthe crush-ing roller. 20 represents' a tray'extendmg around both endsand onelside of the pulp cylinder 1 and which forms a channel extendingunder the the side of the pulp cylinderr l'for a final' grind between itand the iotation` cylinder 23 hereinafter described.

23 and 24 are a pair of flotation recovering cylinders of similarconstruction with `the exception that the cylinder 24 is provided withapair of annular flanges 25 located at each end'thereof and againstthe-edge of whichthe pulp cylinder bears to provide a space between theouter peripheries of the cylinders 1 and 24. The cylinders 23 and 24`are each mounted on a plurality of spiders 26. 27 are a pair of shaftsjournalled in bearings in a suitable supporting structure'and to whichthe spiders 26 of the cylinders 23 and 24 are keyed.

The shafts 27 are rotated by a suitable gearing and in such a mannerthat both the cylindersv23 and 24 revolve in the same d1- rection. Thecylinders 23 and 24 are each provided with a pair of annular internalflanges 28 adjacent their ends to form a channel similar to thatdescribed in connection with the pulp cylinder 1. 29 are half doorssemi-circular'in form and fitting freely within .the channels formed bythe flanges 28. The doors `29 hang in a stationary position so that thecylinders 23 and 24 'revolve therearound. l,

'30 are .short lengths of pipe or plugs for the purposeof dischargingthe contents of the lcylinders 23 and 24. -31 are hydraulic jetsdischarging a stream of water under pressure inwardly within theflotation cylinders to agitate the contents. 32 is a wood liningpreferably of barrel formation supf ported upon thespiders 26 of thefiotation rollers 23 and 24 such lining being formed by two members 32xand 32 separated a art at their longitudinal centre as indicate yat 33.34 are a plurality of riflle plates which may be of any desired'material and shape, and which are driven into the wood lining 32 inrows and set with the points directed substantially towards the-longitudinal centre of the lining 32.

35 represents a plurality of wire guides held taut between the oppositeends of the.

lining 32, each pair having its ends posi, tioned within an arc ofapproximately ninety degrees of the lining 32. 36 is a skimmerpreferably of wood, slidably mounted upon each pair of uide wires eachskimmer being provided wit a pair of apertures 37 therein slightlylarger than the diameter of the wires 35.

The skimmers 36 are so positioned with their guides that they work fromend to end o the lining 32 by contact with the liquid inside thecylinders in a similar manner to the operation of a cable ferry, and

on the further rotation ofthe cylinders and the lifting of the skimmersto near the top of the cylinders they fall by gravity to the oppositeend of the guides. 38 indicates a fiat tray running lengthwise betweenthe cylinders -23 and" 24, the longitudinal edges of which are splayedas at 39 to form a relatively tight joint between the trays and theouter surface of the cylinders 23 and 24.

The outer ends of each tray 38 are provided with suitable rims and anoutlet connection40 to discharge into eitheriof the cylinders as desiredand as shown by pipes 41 and 42. 43 are trays lsuitably supported andextending-beyond the end of cach of the flotation cylinders 23 and 24and into which trays the cylinders dip. 44 is a wiper located on oneside of each of the trays 43 formed of rubber or any other suitablematerial and is similar in construction to that of the ordinary windowcleaning wiper. The wipers 44 serve to wi e off the outer surface of theflotation cy inders.

45 is a water vat over which the entire crusher is placed and into whichthe agitating water used in the various cylinders is allowed to fall andfrom whence the water supply is pumped by any suitable means, not shown,for supplying the various agitatingljets within the cylinders.

aving described the principal parts involved in my invention I will nowbriefly describe the operation of the same.

It will be noticed from the foregoing that the cylinder 1 rides androtates upon the outer surface of the cylinder 23 and upon the annularflanges 25 of the cylinder 24 whereby a slight slipping movement isobtained at the contacting surfaces due to the difference incircumference of thev cylinder 23 and flanges 25 as both cylinders 23and 24 rotate at the same speed.

The ore to be crushed is conveyed 4from an ore bin. along the launder 16to the middle of the cylinder 1 and is delivered onto the top surface ofthe crushing roller 3 which is rotated by its contact with the innerperiphery of the cylinder 1, the ore passing under the roller to receiveits lirst crush. The cylinder 1 has an amount of quicksilver runningfreely therein to. form an amalgam of quicksilver and gold from the ore.This amalgam coats the wall of the cylinder 1 and the periphery of theroller 3. The free amalgam remains inside of the cylinder 1 and can onlypass otlI from the outlet 15'. Streams of water are projected by thejets 17, 18 and 19 to drive the ore from the back of the roller 3laround its ends and under the crushing surface.`

As the pulp formed by the crushed ore is reduced in size it passes stillcontaining gold not taken u by the quicksilver, through the f screen 120 the aperture 12x, the fines pass- 4tures 8x. The ore which is toolarge to pass through the screen 8 is returned through the beingsimultaneously impregnated with oil.

The oil impregnated ore and some ofthe material still being left coarseruns back into-the tray 38 from whence it is conveyed for linaltreatmentinto the iotation cylinders 23 and 24 bythe pipes 41 and42 where it isagain treated with quicksilver and agitated among the riile plates 34 bythe streams of water from the jets 31 and after treatment is drawn ofrom the cylinders by removing the plugs30. A certain amount of crushedore clinging to the cylinders 23 and 24 is wiped off by the wipers 44into the oil trays and is periodically collected and removed. It isintended to use the interior of the cylinders 23 and 24 alternately sothat the crushing machine may be kept in constantuse, one iotationcylinder being drained oif while the ore is being treated in the otherthe `grinding operation at the exterior of the cylinder 23 beingVcontinuous. It will be'understood that in the operation of the.flotation c linders, the powdered metal adheres to t e riiile plates 34from which it is periodically removed by any suitable process.

It is not necessary to describe the various methods of treating ore withquicksilver further in detail, than has been described as all methodsusually adopted ycan be availed of in my invention. irrespective of theores to be treated.

It will thus be seen that by my invention the crusher is provided formetalliferous ores which not only crushes the material butdoes socontinuously and the Avarious methods of separating precious metals fromthe ore can be carried on simultaneously with the crushing operations soas to form one continuous process. y

What I claim as my invention is:

1.- In a mineral separator, a pair of rotatably mounted parallel closelyadjacent recovery cylinders, a crushing cylinder mounted between theaforesaid cylinders and having rolling contact therewith to form asecond ore crushing means, means within the crushing cylinder forprimarily crushing the ore, and means for feeding the ore crushed withinthe crushing cylinder to between such cylinder and the parallelcylinders.

y 2. In a mineral separator, a pair of rotatably mounted parallelclosely adjacent cylinders7 ore recovering means located therein, acrushingcylinder mounted between theparallel. cylinders and havingrolling contact therewith to form a secondary crushing means, a primarycrushing means located within the crushing cylinder,

and means for feeding the ner crushed ore from the crushing cylinder tobetween such 'cylinder and the parallel cylindersfor second crushing andfor retaining `the coarser crushed ore therein for recrushing.

3. In a .mineral separator, the combina tion of a pair of parallelrotary cylinders, ore recovering means within said cylinders, a crushingcylinder in rolling contact with the aforesaid cylinders, separatingmeans receiving the discharge from the crushing cylinder and' serving toseparate thefiner ore from the coarser ore', means for delivering thefiner Ore to the ore recovering cyl' inders, and means for returning thecoarser ore to the crushing cylinder for recrushing.

4. In a mineral Separator, the combination of a. pair of parallel rotarycylinders, ore recovery means located therein, a crushing cylinder inrolling contact. with the aforesaid cylinders, separating means `fordischarging the finer ore from the crushing cylinder to lthe orerecovering cylinders and for returning the coarser ore for recrushing,and means for maintaining an oil film on the outer surface of therecovering cylinders.

5. In a mineral separator, the combination of a pair ofurotary parallelcylinders, ore recoverin means located therein, a crushing cylin er inrolling contact with the aforesaid cylinders, separati-ng means arrangedto discharge the liner ore from the crushing cylinder to the orerecovering cylinders and to return the coarser ore for recrushing, andoil containing means in which the lower portions of the recoverycylinders are disposed to rotate.

6. In a mineral separator, a crushing device comprising'an open-endedcylinder. a crushing drum located within the cylinder to contact withthe lower peripheral portion thereof and onto the top of which the oreto be crushed is fed, a carrying shaft on which the cylinder and drumare mounted, an end gate for each end of the crushin cylinder, vmeansfor supporting the en gates in a stationary position, and a screeninv'device formedin such end gates.

In a mineral separator, a crushing device comprising an open-endedcylinder provided with annular channels on each end, a crushing drumlocated within the cylinder to contact vwith the lower peripheralportion thereof, a carrying shaft journalled in suitable bearings and onwhich the cylinder and drum are supported, segmental end gates supportedupon the shaft and fitting at their edge within the annular channels ofthe cylinder, and screening means incorporated within the end gates.

8. In a mineral separator, a crushing device comprising a crushingcylinder, a crushing drum located within the cylinder to contact withthe lower peripheral portion thereof, an annular channel formed in' anend of the cylinder, a segment-al end gate comprising an inner and outerwall spaced apart and connected together at their peripheral edge, theouter wall having a screen openinv therein extending across the centrethereof-j and the inner wall with a screen opening at one side of thecentre of the end gate.fa fine mesh screen for the screening opening ofthe outer wall land a coarse mesh screen for the screening opening ofthe inner wall, and means for re-turning the coarse ore entrappedbetween the outer and inner Walls into the centre of the crushingcylinder.

9. In a mineral separator, a crushing device comprising a crushingcylinder, a crushing drum located within the cylinder to contact withthe lower peripheral portion thereof, an annular channel formed in anend of the cylinder, a segmental end gate comprising an inner and outerwall spaced apart and connected together at their peripheral edge, theouter wall having a screen opening therein extending across the (entrevthereof and the inner wall with a screen opening at one side of thecentre of the end gate, and

a return orifice at the opposite side of the centre.

10. In a mineral separator, a pair of rotatably mounted parallel andclosely adjacent recovery cylinders, annular exterior end flangesextending from one of said cylinders, a crushing cylinder mounted toengage with the peripheryof one of the aforesaid recovery cylinders andwith the flanges 'of the other aforesaid recovery cylinders, recoveringmeans located within the recovery cylinders, and means for -conveyingthe crushed ore from the outer periphery of the recovery cylinders intothe interior thereof,

to be acted upon by the recovering means.4

11. In a mineral separator, a pair of rotatably mounted parallel andclosely adjacent recovery cylinders, annular exterior end flangesextending from one of said cylinders, a. crushing cylinder mounted toengage with the periphery of one of the aforesaid recovery cylinders andwith the flanges of the other of the aforesaid recovery cylinders,recovering means located within the fianges' extending from one of saidcylinders, a crushing cylindermounted to engage with the periphery ofone of the aforesaid recovery cylinders and with the flanges of theother of the aforesaid recovery cylinders, recovering means locatedwithin the recovery cylinders, a tray extending between the recoverycylinders and having its edges splayed to fit the exterior peripherythereof, a pipe provided with valved branches extending from such trayinto the interior of each of the recovery cylinders, and suitablyarranged water jets for agitating the ore within the recovery cylinders.

13. In a mineral separator, the combination with the crushing cylinderhaving a discharge for the crushed ore at the ends thereof, a trayextending around three sides of the crushing cylinder and having theinner edge of the longitudinally extending portion formed into adownwardly inclined lip, a recovery cylinder located beneath the lipportion of the tray and having end anges in rolling contact. with theexterior periphery of thecrushing cylinder, a recovery cylinder-havingits outer periphery in rolling contact with the opposite side of thecrushing cylinder, a tray extending between the recovery cylinders tocontact with the exterior periphery thereof to receive the ore from theflanged recovery cylinder to pass it to the point of contact between thecrushing cylinder and the other of the aforesaid recovery-cylinders, andmeans for feeding the ore crushed between the crushing cylinder and therecovery cylinder and into the interior of either of the recoverycylinders. i

Dated at Prince Rupert, B. C., March 2nd, 1922.

ALEXANER HALLIDAY.

Witnesses: Y .Y ARTHUR I-I. SILVERSIDES,

JOHN LAMBIE.

